Melons prefer a light, well-drained soil rich in organic matter. It is essential to work the soil to improve its structure and prevent excess moisture.
For high-quality melons, the soil pH should range between 6 and 6.5. If the soil is too alkaline, compost or sand may be needed to adjust it.
Before planting, it is recommended to enrich the soil with an organic fertilizer such as compost or well-decomposed manure to provide the best nutrients for melons.
Planting
Plant melons in spring, after the last frost, in a sunny location. Leave enough space between each plant to allow for proper growth.
Dig a hole about 30 cm deep for each melon. Plant the seeds or young plants 60 to 90 cm apart to promote their growth.
It is advisable to mulch around the plants to retain moisture and protect the melon roots from extreme temperatures.
Watering
Melons need a lot of water during their growth. Water regularly, especially during dry spells, but avoid soaking the roots to prevent disease.
Reduce watering once the melons begin to ripen, as excess moisture can affect their flavor and texture.
Drip irrigation is an ideal method to provide consistent water and prevent the fruits from getting wet, which can lead to rot.
Pruning
Pruning melons helps promote fruit growth by removing secondary stems. This allows the plant to focus its energy on producing large melons.
After harvesting, prune the vines and remove any diseased or dead parts to prepare the plant for the next season.
Fertilizer
Use a fertilizer high in potassium and phosphorus to encourage flowering and fruiting. Apply it about a month after planting.
Melons benefit from regular fertilization during their growth. It is recommended to apply organic fertilizer every 3-4 weeks.
Harvesting
Harvest melons when their skin changes color and the fruit makes a hollow sound when tapped. This indicates that they are ripe and ready to eat.
It is best to harvest melons early in the morning when temperatures are cool to preserve their flavor and prevent them from spoiling quickly.
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